Construction sites are dynamic and fast-paced environments—and they present some of the most serious safety risks in any industry. From working at heights to operating heavy machinery, construction workers face hazards every day that require constant awareness and proper safety measures.
According to the Workers’ Compensation Board of British Columbia, more than 1,000 construction workers were injured last year due to falls from elevation. And falls are just one of several common risks found on job sites across Canada.
For employers and site supervisors, maintaining a strong safety culture isn’t just a regulatory responsibility—it’s a moral and financial imperative. Here are four major hazards to watch for on construction sites, along with tips on how to help prevent them.
1. Falls
A fall hazard exists whenever a worker could lose their balance and fall to a lower level. While falls from height are among the leading causes of serious injury in construction, even short-distance falls can result in broken bones, concussions, or long-term disability.
Prevention Tips:
- Ensure all workers use proper fall arrest equipment when working at height.
- Maintain edge protection on platforms and scaffolds.
- Cover and secure floor openings to prevent accidental falls.
- Make sure ladders and scaffolding are used correctly, regularly inspected, and in good condition.
Taking the time to train employees on proper fall protection procedures can dramatically reduce the risk of injury—and may even save lives.
2. Struck-by Hazards
“Struck-by” incidents occur when workers are hit by a moving object, tool, or piece of equipment. These accidents can happen in an instant, whether it’s a dropped object from above, a swinging load from a crane, or a reversing vehicle.
Prevention Tips:
- Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including hard hats, safety glasses, and high-visibility clothing.
- Stay clear of moving vehicles, equipment, and suspended loads.
- Implement clear traffic control plans for vehicle and pedestrian movement on site.
- Keep tools, materials, and machinery properly secured and well-maintained.
- Avoid positioning yourself between moving and fixed objects.
A combination of awareness, PPE, and proper planning goes a long way toward minimizing struck-by incidents.
3. Caught-in/Caught-between Hazards
Caught-in or caught-between incidents occur when a worker becomes trapped, crushed, or pinched between objects or machinery. These accidents are often linked to trench collapses, unguarded equipment, or improper lockout/tagout procedures.
Prevention Tips:
- Use appropriate trench protection systems such as sloping, shoring, or trench boxes.
- Ensure all machinery is properly guarded and equipped with emergency stop mechanisms.
- Follow strict lockout/tagout procedures during maintenance or repair.
- Prohibit loose clothing, jewelry, or long hair that could get caught in moving parts.
Taking preventive steps before and during work can drastically reduce the risk of entrapment injuries.
4. Electrocutions
Electricity is a constant presence on construction sites—and one of the most dangerous hazards if not properly managed. Contact with live wires, power tools, or damaged electrical cords can cause severe injury or death.
Prevention Tips:
- Identify and mark all utilities before starting any excavation or drilling work.
- Maintain safe distances from overhead and underground power lines.
- Inspect electrical cords and tools regularly and replace damaged equipment immediately.
- Follow safe isolation procedures and ensure only qualified workers handle electrical tasks.
- Provide proper supervision, PPE, and insulated tools when working near live electricity.
Electrical safety must always be approached with caution, preparation, and proper training.
Building a Culture of Safety
Every construction project comes with its share of challenges—but with the right precautions, the most serious risks can be managed and prevented. Understanding these four key hazards—falls, struck-by incidents, caught-in/caught-between injuries, and electrocutions—is essential for maintaining a safe and healthy job site.
Creating a culture of safety requires ongoing training, communication, and leadership commitment at every level. When safety becomes part of daily operations, everyone benefits.
Contact us today for more industry-specific risk management strategies and insurance solutions to help keep your workforce protected and your projects on track.